Gomel region has a population of 1,535 thousand people. 69% are rural dwellers, while 31% live in rural areas. The average density of the population makes 38 persons per square km.

57.6% of Gomel region population are able-bodied persons, 20.4% are younger than the able-bodied age, while 22% are elderly people.

There are 62.7% of able-bodied persons among Gomel region's townspeople, youngsters - 20.5%, elderly people - 16.8%. Able-bodied rural settlers make 46.5%, youngsters - 20.1%, elderly people - 33.4%.

The number of Gomel region's residents employed in economy makes 677.7 thousand. The largest number of people are employed in industry (190 thousand) and agriculture (93 thousand).

Staff with higher education make up 16.5%, college graduates - 22.7%, those with secondary education - 60.9%.

There are 402.1 thousand pensioners residing in Gomel region, of whom 50.4 thousand are employed to do some extra jobs.

There are 329.7 thousand women employed in the regional economy, which makes 52% of the total number of employees. The largest number of women work in industry - 92.9%, and education - 54.9 thousand.